Research
Our research focuses on neural engineering, neurorehabilitation, neuromodulation, neuroprosthetics and brain–computer interfaces for restoring function following neurological injury and disease. By integrating bioelectronic medicine, rehabilitation robotics, wearable medical devices and assistive technologies, we develop innovative solutions that enhance mobility, independence and quality-of-life for people living with disability. Our key research includes:
- Neural Repair through Neuromodulation and Bioelectronic Medicine
- Sensorimotor Restoration with Bionics and Rehabilitation Robotics
- Wearable and Wireless Medical Devices
- 3D-Printed Prosthetics, Mobility and Assistive Aids
Highlighted
OpenXstim: an open-source programmable electrical stimulator for transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation therapy
Journal of Neural Engineering
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27 Nov 2025
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doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ae20c2
This programmable, open-source neurostimulator offers tangible hope for expanding access to non-invasive neuromodulation research and treatments for people with paralysis worldwide.
Restoration of Over-Ground Walking via Non-Invasive Neuromodulation Therapy: A Single-Case Study
Journal of Clinical Medicine
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28 Nov 2023
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doi:10.3390/jcm12237362
This breakthrough non-invasive neuromodulation therapy challenges the long-standing belief that chronic paralysis is irreversible, demonstrating meaningful sensorimotor recovery and the restoration of over-ground walking after more than two decades of spinal cord injury.
All
2025
OpenXstim: an open-source programmable electrical stimulator for transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation therapy
Journal of Neural Engineering
·
27 Nov 2025
·
doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ae20c2
This programmable, open-source neurostimulator offers tangible hope for expanding access to non-invasive neuromodulation research and treatments for people with paralysis worldwide.
Feasibility, usability, and acceptability of a novel open-source low-cost manual standing wheelchair in low economic settings
Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology
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21 Nov 2025
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doi:10.1080/17483107.2025.2591868
This affordable, open-source standing wheelchair offers tangible hope for reducing global disparities in access to assistive technologies by enabling independent standing and improving participation, health, and well-being for people with paralysis.
Mobile Trans-Spinal Electrical Stimulation Therapy for Spinal Cord Injury
Automation in Tele-Neurorehabilitation
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17 Sep 2025
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doi:10.1201/9781003419235-8
2024
Effects of non-invasive cervical spinal cord neuromodulation by trans-spinal electrical stimulation on cortico-muscular descending patterns in upper extremity of chronic stroke
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
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21 Mar 2024
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doi:10.3389/fbioe.2024.1372158
2023
Restoration of Over-Ground Walking via Non-Invasive Neuromodulation Therapy: A Single-Case Study
Journal of Clinical Medicine
·
28 Nov 2023
·
doi:10.3390/jcm12237362
This breakthrough non-invasive neuromodulation therapy challenges the long-standing belief that chronic paralysis is irreversible, demonstrating meaningful sensorimotor recovery and the restoration of over-ground walking after more than two decades of spinal cord injury.
2022
Combined Transcutaneous Electrical Spinal Cord Stimulation and Task-Specific Rehabilitation Improves Trunk and Sitting Functions in People with Chronic Tetraplegia
Biomedicines
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23 Dec 2022
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doi:10.3390/biomedicines11010034
Caregivers’ Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice towards Pressure Injuries in Spinal Cord Injury at Rehabilitation Center in Bangladesh
Advances in Orthopedics
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14 Jun 2022
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doi:10.1155/2022/8642900
Trans-Spinal Electrical Stimulation Therapy for Functional Rehabilitation after Spinal Cord Injury: Review
Journal of Clinical Medicine
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11 Mar 2022
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doi:10.3390/jcm11061550
Effect of Cervical Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation on Sensorimotor Cortical Activity during Upper-Limb Movements in Healthy Individuals
Journal of Clinical Medicine
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17 Feb 2022
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doi:10.3390/jcm11041043
Treating spinal cord injury with implanted spinal cord stimulators
Diagnosis and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury
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01 Jan 2022
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doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-822498-4.00019-1
2021
A Compact and Lightweight Rehabilitative Exoskeleton to Restore Grasping Functions for People with Hand Paralysis
Sensors
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18 Oct 2021
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doi:10.3390/s21206900
EEG Monitoring Is Feasible and Reliable during Simultaneous Transcutaneous Electrical Spinal Cord Stimulation
Sensors
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02 Oct 2021
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doi:10.3390/s21196593
Disruption to normal excitatory and inhibitory function within the medial prefrontal cortex in people with chronic pain
European Journal of Pain
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26 Jul 2021
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doi:10.1002/ejp.1838
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Low‐Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Stimulation for Bone Fractures Healing
Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine
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05 May 2021
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doi:10.1002/jum.15738
Serotonergic Facilitation of Forelimb Functional Recovery in Rats with Cervical Spinal Cord Injury
Neurotherapeutics
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01 Apr 2021
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doi:10.1007/s13311-020-00974-8
Can Prosthetic Hands Mimic a Healthy Human Hand?
Prosthesis
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28 Jan 2021
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doi:10.3390/prosthesis3010003
Buspirone Dose-Response on Facilitating Forelimb Functional Recovery in Cervical Spinal Cord Injured Rats
Dose-Response
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01 Jan 2021
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doi:10.1177/1559325821998136
2020
Restoration of arm and hand functions via noninvasive cervical cord neuromodulation after traumatic brain injury: a case study
Brain Injury
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02 Dec 2020
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doi:10.1080/02699052.2020.1850864
Ultrasound-driven piezoelectric current activates spinal cord neurocircuits and restores locomotion in rats with spinal cord injury
Bioelectronic Medicine
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01 Jun 2020
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doi:10.1186/s42234-020-00048-2
Reversing 21 years of chronic paralysis via non‐invasive spinal cord neuromodulation: a case study
Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology
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01 May 2020
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doi:10.1002/acn3.51051
2019
Spinal Cord Injury: Lessons about Neuroplasticity from Paired Associative Stimulation
The Neuroscientist
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31 Dec 2019
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doi:10.1177/1073858419895461
Development of a battery-free ultrasonically powered functional electrical stimulator for movement restoration after paralyzing spinal cord injury
Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation
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08 Mar 2019
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doi:10.1186/s12984-019-0501-4
Experimental spinal cord injury and behavioral tests in laboratory rats
Heliyon
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01 Mar 2019
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doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01324
2018
Diagnosis and treatment of diastematomyelia in children: a perspective cohort study
Spinal Cord Series and Cases
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19 Dec 2018
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doi:10.1038/s41394-018-0141-0
Closed-loop stimulation of the pelvic nerve for optimal micturition
Journal of Neural Engineering
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25 Sep 2018
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doi:10.1088/1741-2552/aadee9
Measurement of neurovascular coupling in human motor cortex using simultaneous transcranial Doppler and electroencephalography
Physiological Measurement
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01 Jun 2018
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doi:10.1088/1361-6579/aac812
2017
Electrical neuromodulation of the cervical spinal cord facilitates forelimb skilled function recovery in spinal cord injured rats
Experimental Neurology
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01 May 2017
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doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.02.006
Motor neuroprosthesis for injured spinal cord: who is an ideal candidate?
Neural Regeneration Research
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01 Jan 2017
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doi:10.4103/1673-5374.219041
2016
Unique Spatiotemporal Neuromodulation of the Lumbosacral Circuitry Shapes Locomotor Success after Spinal Cord Injury
Journal of Neurotrauma
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01 Sep 2016
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doi:10.1089/neu.2015.4256
Brain-machine interface facilitated neurorehabilitation via spinal stimulation after spinal cord injury: Recent progress and future perspectives
Brain Research
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01 Sep 2016
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doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2016.05.039
2015
An economic method to build a puffing instrument for drug application in vitro
Journal of Neuroscience Methods
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01 Dec 2015
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doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.08.032
Evaluation of optimal electrode configurations for epidural spinal cord stimulation in cervical spinal cord injured rats
Journal of Neuroscience Methods
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01 May 2015
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doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.03.012
2014
A Brain-Machine-Muscle Interface for Restoring Hindlimb Locomotion after Complete Spinal Transection in Rats
PLoS ONE
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01 Aug 2014
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doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103764
Electronic bypass of spinal lesions: activation of lower motor neurons directly driven by cortical neural signals
Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation
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03 Jul 2014
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10.1186/1743-0003-11-107
Electronic bypass of spinal lesions: activation of lower motor neurons directly driven by cortical neural signals
Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation
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03 Jul 2014
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doi:10.1186/1743-0003-11-107
Lower-Limb Neuroprostheses
Advances in Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering
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08 Mar 2014
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doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-6094-6.ch009
2013
A low-cost multichannel wireless neural stimulation system for freely roaming animals
Journal of Neural Engineering
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25 Oct 2013
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doi:10.1088/1741-2560/10/6/066010
Cortically Controlled Electrical Stimulation for Locomotion of the Spinal Cord Injured
Biosystems & Biorobotics
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01 Jan 2013
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doi:10.1007/978-3-642-34546-3_6